Greek tragedy

  • 5th century BCE
  • performed at City Dionysia festival
    • every year
    • Athens
    • competition
      • three tragedians
      • trilogy + satyr play
  • associations
    • entertainment
    • philosophy
    • death
    • fate
  • format
    • dialogue
      • rhythmic speech
    • choral passages
      • instruments
        • kithara
          • like harp
        • aulos
          • double-reeded
          • like oboe, bassoon, sounds like alto-saxophone

Agamemnon

  • first play by Aeschylus in Oresteia
    • first place 458 BCE
    1. Agamemnon
    2. Libation Bearers
    3. Eumenides
    4. satyr play: Proteus
      • did not survive

Trojan mythology

  • Argos
    • king Agamemnon
      • in The Iliad
  • Zeus only 1 mortal daughter
    • Helen
      • most beautiful in the world
    • Aphrodite promised Paris most beautiful woman in world
      • Helen already married to Menelaus
        • kidnaps
          • entitled
          • sack Troy to get her back
            • Menelaus
            • Agamemnon
  • 10 years of war
    • stalemate
    • watchman waiting for end of war to light beacon relay
  • starts the night Troy is taken

Aristotle on tragedy

  • innovation made by playwright Thespis
    • take one member out of chorus to interact with chorus
      • actor
        • aka Thespians
        • mythological hero or god
          • birth of drama
    • Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides
      • add more and more actors
    • chorus becomes marginalized over time

the play

  • likes to make up words
    • tour de force of poetry in chorus because he’s flexing
  • background
    • before Greek fleet got back to Troy, no wind at Aulos
      • eagles as sign
        • Menelaus and Agamemnon
        • will sack Troy but make Artemis angry
          • sacrifice Agamemnon’s daughter
  • Clytemnestra: Agamemnon’s wife
    • women segregated in society
      • no public life
      • tragedy: imaginative perspective on women’s roles in society
        • overstepping normal roles
        • pushing back
          • political control
          • other motivations
        • imagining an alternative world
          • social and cultural anxieties
    • pushes Agamemnon to hubris
    • helped by Agamemnon’s cousin Aegisthus
      • affair!!
      • father: Atreus
      • Atreus and Thyestes
        • Thyestes kills Atreus’ sons and feeds them to him
          • he was too young to be there
  • allegory of lion raised in house
    • “Disaster’s priest”
    • who is the lion in each play?